End of Canon EOS 7D Mark III Speculations

The Canon EOS R7 was Launched / Released (together with the Canon EOS R10) on 24 May 2022 for the High-Action / Wildlife Hobbyist Photographer

New Canon EOS R7 APS-C Mirrorless Camera (Image Credit: Canon Malaysia)

Canon EOS R7 and Canon EOS R10 Information / Videos

Canon EOS R7 >>

Canon EOS R10 >>

Update: Canon launched two APS-C / crop bodies) Canon EOS R cameras on 24 May 2022 - both bodies were released as the first APS-C format R bodies for the Canon EOS R System.

Even after the introduction of the Canon EOS R System the hopes were still high that a Canon EOS 7D Mark III would still be released in 2021 / 2022. The original Canon EOS R did not offer sufficient high-speed performance and even in my own conclusion, after my early 2019 Canon EOS R field testing, confirmed its inefficiency as a high-performance body.

The Autofocus of the original EOS R as well as other in-body specifications were significantly improved upon with the release of the Canon EOS R5 and Canon EOS R6. One major improvement was the new Canon Dual Pixel CMOS AF II System offering accurate speed and (human and animal) subject traction that was on par (and in some ways of higher specification) than that of the Canon EOS-1D X Mark III.

After my 2020 Canon EOS R6 field testing for birds in flight / high-action photography I concluded that the Canon EOS R6 was a suitable Canon EOS R recommendation / replacement for action photographers wanting to migrate or buy into the EOS R System.

While testing the Canon EOS R6 for birds in flight (even with the two supplied RF f/11 lenses) I realised that there will be no direct Canon EOS 7D Mark III replacement for the Canon EOS 7D Mark II. The AF performance of the Canon EOS R6 was indicative (to me) that the Canon EOR R System will offer a high-performance and affordable (APS-C) body for the Canon enthusiast and hobbyist wildlife photographers.

Canon EOS R7 Release / Launch  May 2022 >>

Thoughts on Upgrading my Canon EOS 7D Mark II for Birds in Flight Photography >>

(My) Birds in Flight Photography Paradigm is shifting towards the Canon EOS R7

I have used the Canon EOS 7D Mark II almost exclusively for Birds in Flight photography (throughout its entire life cycle). I am still an avid user of this extremely capable Canon APS-C (1.6x Crop Factor) DSLR body for birds in flight / fast action photography. Like many current (and previous) Canon EOS 7D Mark II photographers I am quite exited about the announcement of the Canon EOS R7 - and should be considered as a suitable upgrade / replacement for the Canon EOS 7D Mark II.  

Canon Dual Pixel CMOS AF II System

The Autofocus (AF) System in a the new Canon EOS R7 is more / less the same Dual Pixel CMOS AF II System deployed in the Canon EOS R6 / Canon EOS R5 and Canon EOS R3.

Canon RF (and EF / EF-S) lenses for Canon EOS R7

There are already quite a few cost-effective RF (L) lenses that should pair well with the Canon EOS R7 / EOS R10 (in the 400mm to 800mm range for birds in flight / high-action). All current Canon EF / EF-S should be compatible with the Canon EOS RF lenses via the current EF - RF Mount Adapter). 

Canon RF Lenses for Canon R System cameras >>

Canon RF-S Lenses for Canon R System cameras >>

New Canon EOS R / PowerShot Cameras to be Launched 2024 / 2025 >>

Canon EOS 7D Mark II Resources / Birds in Flight Photography Gallery View

Two Cost-Effective Canon Lenses for Birds in Flight Photography View

Birds in Flight Photography View

Canon Photography Training Milnerton Woodbridge Island | Kirstenbosch Cape Town

Substandard Water Management by the City of Cape Town

 Poor / Substandard Wastewater Management by the City of Cape Town

Diep River / Milnerton Lagoon / Woodbridge Island

It it still very disponing to regularly read about the ongoing reluctance of the City of Cape Town's lack of genuine interest and / or incompetence to manage the poor sewage conditions in(to) and through the Diep River, Woodbridge Island.

I am personally convinced of the City of Cape Town's lack of interest, strategy, personnel and / or efficiency to effectively manage this situation. It surprising to read so many publications that there are no mention of handing this (poor) situation over to some real professionals. "Don't tell me there is a CoCT Dr. in charge - I'm not impressed - as he is doing very little to really solve this ongoing problem. Get a professional body of individuals / corporations (from the Private Sector involved.

Theorists. feasibility studies and so-called plans are not going to fix this problem. It is assumingly only pointing out the problem and probable ways for solving the ecological / sewage problem(s). This is why the problem is still not fix. Its doing the work and keeping us informed - and showing / demonstrating sustainable solutions, Writing about how it will be achieved is all I have ever seen - and for that reason most of us living / working here. There is a purpose for research, a purpose for feasibility studies, but it should lead to implementing sustainable ecological solutions.  

The City of Cape Town simply does not have the capacity / competence to deal with this poor / substandard water situation in Milnerton / Woodbridge Island - even the official appointments fall short of the required competencies. It is going on for years now... there is just no real urgency.

It is seriously time to look elsewhere CoCT - your best qualified strategists / officials are not equip to deal with this situation. Look elsewhere for solution(s), We, the residence of Milnerton / Woodbridge Island don't really care), we just want a professional and sustainable solution - which of course is part of your portfolio - please remember that!

Substandard Water Management (International)
"Substandard water management refers to inadequate practices, systems, or policies related to the treatment, distribution, and conservation of water resources. This can manifest in various ways:

1. Infrastructure Deficiencies: Outdated or poorly maintained water treatment plants, pipelines, and distribution networks can lead to leakages, contamination, and inefficiencies in water supply.
   
   
2. Lack of Access: In some regions, there may be insufficient access to clean and safe drinking water due to inadequate infrastructure or unequal distribution of resources.
   
   
3. Pollution: Improper disposal of industrial waste, agricultural runoff, and untreated sewage can contaminate water sources, posing risks to human health and ecosystems.
   
   
4. Over-extraction: Excessive withdrawal of water from aquifers or rivers beyond sustainable levels can lead to depletion of water resources, land subsidence, and ecological damage.
   
   
5. Inefficient Agricultural Practices: Inefficient irrigation techniques and excessive water usage in agriculture can contribute to water scarcity and degrade soil quality.|
   
   
6. Climate Change: Changing weather patterns, such as prolonged droughts or intense rainfall events, can exacerbate water management challenges, leading to shortages or floods.

Addressing substandard water management requires a holistic approach involving investment in infrastructure, regulation and enforcement of environmental standards, public awareness campaigns, and sustainable water usage practices. Collaboration between governments, communities, industries, and international organizations is essential to ensure equitable access to clean water and safeguard water resources for future generations." (Source: ChatGPT 2024)

More information / Updates:  Sewage Problems at Milnerton Lagoon, Woodbridge Island

Winter Routine and other Interests as updated by Microsoft

 Vermon Chalmers Winter Routine and other Interests as updated by Microsoft

Photography is a significant part, but there are other personal important areas as well.

"Vernon Chalmers, the creator of the Mental Health and Motivation website, delves into the fascinating intersection of emotional wellbeing, neuropsychology, artificial intelligence (AI), and the sense of self. His work encompasses research, resource sharing, and insights that contribute to our understanding of these critical aspects of human experience.

As someone with a personal interest in education, training, and psychology, Chalmers recognizes contemporary neuroscience as a fundamental physiological requirement for gaining insight into cognitive versus emotional decision-making biases and subsequent behavioral responses.

His journey from analytical education to creative training has been shaped by experiences at Intel Corporation, founding Blu-C, and exploring neuropsychology and photography. If you’d like to explore more, you can visit his Mental Health and Motivation website, where he shares valuable resources and reflections." (Source: Microsoft Copilot 2024)

Global Mental Health Reach
Since August 2021 the Mental Health and Motivation website has evolved into an international resource sharing platform for assisting academia, mental health service providers and interested individuals across the world - currently assisting visitors from more than 126 Countries / 50 US States - with various (academic / personal / family / community / military / employment-related) Mental Health and Motivation resources. More than 35 international mental health care institutions / providers are actively promoting related mental health care services and / or content on the Mental Health and Motivation website. (Source: Mental Health and Motivation).

Global Mental Health Recognition
The website is currently recognised in the 'Top 100 Global Mental Health Website / Blog Index 2024' This accolade was also achieved in 2023 (20th). The website's RSS-feed is in the global 17th position at the moment. 1st position currently is the prominent website, NAMI (USA) - National Alliance for Mental Health. (Source: Feedspot).

Full Source / References>> Mental Health and Motivation

Cape Teal Duck in Flight with Canon EOS 70D

Canon EOS Birds in Flight Photography : Diep River / Woodbridge Island

Cape Teal Duck in Flight on a Sunny Morning

I love the challenge of photographing with older technology. 

If the light is right and the glass is good anything is still possible…

Canon Bird Photography Equipment

• Canon EOS 70D APS-C Camera
• Canon EF 100-400mm f/4.5-5.6L IS II USM lens
• 7 FPS Continuous Mode (AI Servo) 
• Sandisk Extreme 32GB 90MB/s SD Card

Camera Focus / Exposure Settings

• Autofocus /  Zone AF
• Manual (M) Mode
• Aperture: f/5.6
• Auto-ISO (400)
• Shutter Speed: 1/3200s
• IS Off
• Handheld

Release Dates of Canon Equipment used

• Canon EOS 70D - July 2013
• Canon EF 100-400mm f/4.5-5.6L IS II USM lens - November 2014

Image Post-Processing
Adobe Lightroom Classic (Version 13)

Returning Peregrine Falcon to Milnerton, Woodbridge Island

Returning Peregrine Falcon to Arnhem, Milnerton, Woodbridge Island

The Peregrine Falcon: Fastest Bird in the World

Returning Peregrine Falcon to Milnerton, Woodbridge Island Copyright Vernon Chalmers

What a pleasant surprise..! As I opened my front door early yesterday afternoon (and during the following week) I received a rapturous welcome from my closest high-rise neighbour.

The peregrine falcon was back! Haven’t heard or seen him in weeks and have missed him during the past few weeks.

He gave me enough time to get back inside, grab a camera and then posed for an impromptu photo shoot.
Watching me closely, content and safe. I left a few minutes later as he was still happy and high. So was I…

During the last week he perched / slept outside the bathroom window. Needless to say, the only light that went on ‘in any close proximity to him’. was the fridge light.

Arnhem Milnerton, opposite the Diep River, Woodbridge Island

Canon Bird Photography Equipment

• Canon EOS 7D Mark II APS-C Camera
• Canon EF 400mm f/5.6L USM prime lens
• 10 FPS Continuous Mode (AI Servo)
• Lexar Professional 64GB 160MB/s SD Card

Camera Focus / Exposure Settings

• Autofocus / Case 1 / Large Zone
• Aperture Priority (M) / Manual (M) Mode
• Aperture: f/5.6
• Auto-ISO (250 - 400)
• Shutter Speed: 1/1200s - 1/1500s
• Handheld

Image Post-Processing
Adobe Lightroom Classic (Version 13)

Copyright Vernon Chalmers Photography (Please Read before Using Images without Permission)

Peregrine Falcon Milnerton, Woodbridge Island - Copyright Vernon Chalmers

Peregrine Falcon Milnerton, Woodbridge Island - Copyright Vernon Chalmers

Peregrine Falcon Milnerton Woodbridge Island - Copyright Vernon Chalmers

The Peregrine Falcon: Fastest Bird in the World >>

Top 10 Fastest Flying Birds in the World >>

Canon Birds in Flight Photography Skills Development >>

Long Exposure Photography with CTPS at Milnerton Beach

Long Exposure Photography : Milnerton Beach, Woodbridge Island, Cape Town

Long Exposure Photography Milnerton Beach, Woodbridge Island

While out with some of the Cape Town Photography Society Club (CTPS) members on Saturday evening at Milnerton Beach, Woodbridge Island, for a Long Exposure photography session.

While it was freezing, and everybody was facing the ocean, I turned my camera / tripod around 'to see what is on the opposite side' of Milnerton Beach - and how I could integrate the Milnerton Lighthouse into the image (with some of the other ambient lighting options). 

Canon Long Exposure Equipment

• Canon EOS 6D Full-Frame Camera
• Canon EF 16-35mm f/4 IS USM lens
• 1 Shot Mode
• Lexar Professional 64GB 160MB/s SD Card

Camera Focus / Exposure Settings

• Manual Focus
• Aperture Priority (Av) Mode
• Aperture: f/16
• ISO 100
• Shutter Speed: 1/30s
• Tripod (Manfrotto X190)

Image Post-Processing
Adobe Lightroom Classic (Version 13)

Copyright Vernon Chalmers Photography (Please Read before Using Images without Permission)

Vernon Chalmers using a Canon EOS 6D for Bulb Mode | Long Exposure Photography >>

Vernon Chalmers with CTPS Members (Image Credit: Joyce Goldschmidt CTPS)

Waiting for Sunset to start our Long Exposure Photography on Milnerton Beach

CTPS Members on Milnerton Beach (Image Credit: Joyce Goldschmidt CTPS)

BIO-AIRE – Rehabilitating Polluted Water

When Mother Nature calls and man has to unfortunately intervene…

Pied Kingfisher fishing in the Diep River, Woodbridge Island

Western Cape-based contractor, Khubeka Construction, has developed an innovative, cost-effective and environmentally friendly means of rejuvenating and maintaining wastewater sludge ponds, waterways and dams that have become overloaded and lifeless due to pollution.

At some point in its life, every wastewater treatment pond will need the introduction of positive aeration to stimulate the natural eco-system within. Sometimes, though, the build-up is too extensive, and the intervention too late to carry out a routine replenishment process.

That’s when a more intensive and natural approach is required, but as Mark Rennie from Khubeka Construction explains, “Conventional techniques using high-powered pumps can be prohibitively expensive.” In response, Khubeka have developed a low-cost solution that is achieving sustainable results, underscored by a recent pilot project at George’s Gwaing waste water treatment works (WWTW).

“Where we’ve been called in to assist on treatment works remediation projects in the past, what we’ve frequently encountered is a situation where municipal maturation/oxidation ponds are typically ‘sludged-up’, often as a result of many years of use.

This can be compounded by power failures that cause uncontrolled raw effluent discharge into these ponds. The result is that these should be eco-friendly systems become completely overloaded, and eventually, septic,” Rennie explains.

“This scenario commonly occurs in rural and small towns. However, there are cases where large cities have a similar problem. Either way, the sludge needs to be removed.”

There are two methods that can be applied: either mechanically pumping the sludge out of the pond; or going the biological intervention route to break down the bio-solids.

(Click / Tap to Enlarge)

 

Bio-Aire : Bringing Sludge Ponds, Rivers and Waterways Back To Life  

Aerobic alternative: Pros and Cons

As opposed to mechanical extraction, a pure biological intervention – by pumping in a range of aerobic bacteria – would seem the most viable alternative, and it can be, given certain conditions. However, Khubeka has encountered a number of problems with this method.

“The initial cost is cheap. However, to maintain the system using bacteria becomes expensive over time. Plus, large pumps are needed to effectively mix the bacteria into the sludge, and to ‘turn’ the pond over. What also happens in this case is that the sludge becomes suspended, and then usually spills into the final discharge area, namely the river or wetland, with negative downstream results.”

A system that works - Bio-Aire

Practical experience, combined with these observations, motivated Khubeka to develop its unique product, which is aimed at any industry that discharges organic wastewater for treatment or polishing. Khubeka has designed a 3 kW and 6 kw unit depending on the application – which are inexpensive to operate compared to conventional aerators and mixers, plus the system is mobile. The square-shaped aeration unit that sits in the water is made up of internal chambers and has no moving parts.

The only part that requires any maintenance is the 3-phase blower, which is land- based. The system employs fine bubble aeration to move the water using an air lift principle, which attains the massive volumes required.

Remarkably, the Bio-Aire units are capable of moving approximately 15 million litres of water within a 24-hour period. The water is aerated as it passes through the unit and in the process increases the dissolved oxygen in the pond. The growth of native bacteria in the pond then begins feeding on the sludge and reduces it, similar to the natural dams and waterways.

During the pilot project at Gwaing WWTW, the sludge volume was reduced by at least 60% in just two months on one of the plant’s four ponds. The pond in question, which is now fully reinstated, measures 250 m in length and is 40 m wide with a depth of 1 to 1.5 m.

Having ‘brought this pond back to life’ there is now evidence of emerging aquatic life, like tadpoles, plus a resurgence in bird activity. The dead zone has come back to the top of the pond, plus the smell is now virtually odourless.

“We are currently in discussions with other Western Cape municipalities where we’re experiencing strong interest,” adds Rennie. “We are also planning to return to Gwaing when their new financial year commences to de-sludge their three remaining ponds.”

If we can achieve these results within raw sewage ponds, just imagine what Bio-Aire can do for our natural rivers and dams that are continuously being polluted by man.

Sewage Problems at Milnerton Lagoon, Woodbridge Island

Milnerton Lagoon - Remediation with Bio-Aire (Video)

For more information contact Mark Rennie: 082 8885778

About Khubeka Construction

Khubeka Construction is a Civil & Building Company established in June 2001.We specialise in construction of water retaining structures, sewage and water treatment works. During 2016 while constructing a waste treatment works, we saw a need for a cost effective and efficient water aeration system, from 2016 to 2019 we developed our unique water treatment system and in 2020 began commercialising and selling the units.

Bio-Aire was born out of seeing an inherent need to develop a water treatment system for the South African environment, although we designed our system for the harsh South African conditions it is also well suited for use worldwide.

Many of the current treatment systems are too complicated to operate, are power intensive and are prone to costly breakdowns and maintenance, which in most instances leads to water treatment systems not being used correctly or not being used at all.

Bio-Aire is unique in that it is cost effective, efficient, easy to operate and deploy and can be maintained and operated at an 80% reduced cost versus similar systems.

Khubeka Construction is currently a Level One BBBEE Contributor.

Published with Permission from Mark Rennie Khubeka Construction

Testing the Canon 500D 77mm Close-Up Lens Filter

In an effort to reduce the minimum focus distance (MFD) of my 400mm lens (3.5 meter) I ordered a Canon 500D 77mm close-up lens filter. This is mainly to eliminate the carrying of a second body with macro lens when out in the field with the long lens (for Birds in Flight). The 400mm works well for close-up work from a distance, but I wanted a closer focusing option (with more magnification).

Canon 10-400mm Lens with Canon 500D 77mm Close-Up Lens Filter >>

Canon 500D 77mm Close-Up Lens Filter Challenges
With the close-up lens filter the MFD is now an effective 40 - 50mm (compared to 3.5 meter) - which brings some challenges (specific to the 400mm non-IS lens):

• Narrow depth of field (require smaller apertures to counter this)
• Best useful f/stops are now f/22 - f/32
• Requires good light or flash
• With no IS extra stability is required (tripod) / or faster shutter speed

What I like so far:

• Autofocus works well in good light
• Manual focus with flash works well on tripod
• Satisfied with the extreme close-up image quality
• Quality of the bokeh (blurred out of focus areas)

This specific combination (crop with 400mm lens) should work beter on a full frame body (as it is minus the 1.6 crop factor) with a 70-300mm lens (as recommended by Canon). There is no point in using the Canon 500D close-up lens filter on the EOS 6D / 400mm lens as I want to be able to use it in the field (Canon EOS 7D Mark II) without removing any lenses. But, I will test it later with my Canon EF 70-300mm f/4-5.6L IS USM lens on APS-C (EOS 70D) and Full Frame (Canon EOS 6D).

First three images: Handheld, outside in good light and AF with manual exposure settings as I would capture Birds in Flight - ISO during the outside light testing was limited to ISO 1600.

Last image: On tripod with Speedlite 430 EX II (bounced) flash: ISO 400 (Av Mode).

All images are uncropped and processed in Lightroom 6 with some exposure, contrast and a few other adjustments.

Body / Lens used: Canon EOS 7D Mark II / EF 400mm f/5.5L USM Lens f/32 / ISO 400 - 1600 1/250 - 1/5000s.

Location: Milnerton, Cape Town

What is an Extension Tube in Photography?

"An extension tube is a device used in photography to enable a camera lens to focus closer than its normal minimum focusing distance. It is a hollow tube that fits between the camera body and the lens, effectively increasing the distance between the lens and the camera's image sensor. This extension allows for closer focusing on the subject, making it appear larger in the frame.

Extension tubes come in various lengths, and they are typically used in macro photography or other situations where getting closer to the subject is essential. They don't contain any optical elements like lenses, so they don't affect the image quality in terms of optical aberrations or distortions. Instead, they alter the focusing range of the lens.

When using extension tubes, there are a few things to keep in mind:

Loss of Light: Since the extension tube increases the distance between the lens and the camera sensor, it reduces the amount of light reaching the sensor. This may require adjusting your exposure settings accordingly.

Autofocus Limitations: Some extension tubes may limit or disable autofocus functionality, depending on the camera and lens combination. Manual focusing is often used in macro photography, but it's something to be aware of.

Depth of Field: As you get closer to the subject, the depth of field becomes very shallow. It's important to carefully control your aperture to achieve the desired focus.

Increased Magnification: The primary purpose of extension tubes is to increase magnification. However, using longer tubes or stacking multiple tubes may result in a very narrow depth of field.

Extension tubes are a cost-effective way to experiment with macro photography without investing in dedicated macro lenses. They can be used with a variety of lenses, but the level of magnification and working distance will depend on the specific lens and tube combination." (Source: ChatGPT 2023)

(Click to Enlarge)

Canon 500D 77mm Close-Up Lens - Bee on Flower f/32 / ISO 3200

Canon 500D 77mm Close-Up Lens - Daisy flower  (Handheld) f/32 / ISO 1600

Small Daisy Flower (Handheld) f/32 / ISO 1600

Canon 500D 77mm Close-Up Lens - Tiny Grass Flower (Handheld) f/32  / ISO 1600

Canon 500D 77mm Close-Up Lens Pincushion Flower  f/32 / ISO 400 (Speedlite Flash / Tripod

Canon Photography Training Woodbridge Island | Kirstenbosch | Intaka Island Cape Town

When and Why to use a Tripod in Photography

 Vernon Chalmers Photography Training Cape Town

Vernon Chalmers Photography Students Using Tripods *

Long Exposure Photography with CTPS at Milnerton Beach

Using Canon EOS 6D for Bulb Mode | Long Exposure Photography

When and Why to use a Tripod in Photography

A tripod is a versatile tool that photographers use to stabilize their cameras and achieve sharper images in various situations. Here are some common scenarios and reasons to use a tripod in photography:

1. Long Exposures: When capturing scenes that require longer exposure times, such as landscape photography or night photography, a tripod becomes essential. It helps keep the camera perfectly still during the exposure, preventing blurring caused by camera shake. This is especially important when using slower shutter speeds to capture motion blur or low-light scenes.

2. Low-Light Situations: In dimly lit environments where you need to use a slower shutter speed to capture enough light, a tripod is invaluable. It allows you to maintain stability while avoiding camera shake, resulting in sharp images without relying on high ISO settings or artificial lighting.

3. Macro Photography: When shooting extreme close-ups or macro photography, depth of field becomes very shallow. The slightest movement can cause a loss of focus. A tripod ensures that your camera remains steady, allowing you to precisely position and focus on the subject while using smaller apertures for increased depth of field.

4. Landscape Photography: Tripods are widely used in landscape photography because they provide stability and allow photographers to carefully compose their shots. With a tripod, you can take your time to find the perfect composition, adjust framing, and maintain consistent framing for multiple exposures, such as when creating panoramas or HDR images.

5. Telephoto Lenses: Telephoto lenses have a narrower field of view and magnify camera movement, making them more susceptible to shake. Mounting your camera on a tripod helps stabilize the system and allows you to use longer focal lengths while maintaining sharpness.

6. Self-Portraits and Group Photos: Tripods are excellent for self-portraits and group photos because they eliminate the need for someone else to hold the camera. You can set up the tripod, use a self-timer or a remote shutter release, and ensure everyone is in the frame without any rushing or compromising image quality.

7. Precise Composition: A tripod gives you precise control over framing and composition. It enables you to make fine adjustments to the camera's position and maintain consistency between shots. This is particularly useful in situations where you need to compare or merge multiple images, such as for focus stacking or exposure bracketing.

8. Video Recording: If you're shooting video, a tripod is indispensable for stable footage. It allows you to pan smoothly, follow subjects with ease, and maintain a consistent frame. Some tripods even have dedicated fluid heads for smoother camera movements.

In summary, a tripod is beneficial in photography whenever stability, sharpness, precise composition, or prolonged exposures are required. It enhances image quality, expands creative possibilities, and helps you capture better photos in a variety of shooting situations." (Source: ChatGPT 2023)

Photography Private Training Cape Town

• Introduction to Photography / Canon Cameras More 
• Birds in Flight Photography Training More
• Bird Photography Training Kirstenbosch More
• Canon EOS Autofocus / AI Servo Master Class More
• Birds in Flight Photography Workshop More
• Canon Speedlite / Ring Lite Flash Photography Workshop More
• Macro / Close-Up Photography Workshop Cape Town More
• Landscape / Long Exposure Photography Workshop More
• Real Estate / Interior Decor Photography Training More
• Samsung Galaxy Smartphone Photography Training More
• Digital Workflow / Lightroom Post-Processing Workshop More

* Image Credit: Steve Williams (Vernon Chalmers Landscape Training Milnerton Beach, Cape Town)

Vernon Chalmers Photography Training Intaka Island | Kirstenbosch Garden | Woodbridge Island

How to Choose a New Camera

Choosing The Right Camera For Your Needs

DSLR vs. Mirrorless Camera

“For me, the camera is a sketch book, an instrument of intuition and spontaneity.”

― Henri Cartier-Bresson

How to Choose a New Camera

"Choosing a new camera can be an exciting but sometimes overwhelming process, as there are many options available with varying features and specifications. Here's a step-by-step guide to help you make an informed decision:

1. Define Your Purpose:Consider Your Goals

• Determine what you want to achieve with the camera. Are you interested in photography, videography, or both? Will you be shooting portraits, landscapes, action, or something else?

2. Set a Budget:Establish a Range

• Cameras come in various price ranges. Determine how much you're willing to spend on both the camera body and any additional lenses or accessories.

3. Camera Type

• Digital or Film: Decide whether you want a digital or film camera. Digital is more common nowadays due to its convenience and flexibility.
• Interchangeable Lens vs. Point-and-Shoot: Interchangeable lens cameras (DSLRs or mirrorless) provide more versatility, while point-and-shoot cameras are simpler and more portable.

4. Sensor Size:Full-frame vs. Crop Sensor

• Full-frame sensors generally provide better image quality but can be more expensive. Crop sensors are smaller but can still produce excellent results.

5. Resolution:Megapixels

• While higher megapixels can offer more detail, they're not the only factor in image quality. Don't prioritize megapixels over other features.

6. Low Light Performance

• ISO Range: Consider the camera's ISO range. A wider range is beneficial for low-light conditions.

7. Autofocus System:Speed and Accuracy

• Look for a camera with a fast and accurate autofocus system, especially if you plan on capturing fast-moving subjects.

8. Video Capabilities

• Resolution and Frame Rates: If you're into videography, check the camera's video capabilities, including resolution (1080p, 4K) and frame rates.

9. Size and Weight

• Portability: Consider how portable and easy to carry the camera is, especially if you plan on traveling frequently.
  
  

10. Brand and Ecosystem

• Lens Availability: Check the availability of lenses and accessories for the camera brand. Some brands have more extensive ecosystems than others.

11. User Interface

• Ease of Use: Consider the camera's user interface. Some cameras may have more intuitive controls and menus than others.

12. Reviews and Recommendations

• Research: Read reviews from both experts and user reviews to get a sense of real-world performance and user experiences.

13. Try Before You Buy

• Hands-On Experience: If possible, go to a store and handle the camera. Check its ergonomics, button placement, and overall feel.

14. Future-Proofing

• Consider the Future: Think about your future needs and whether the camera can grow with you as you advance in your photography or videography journey.

15. Warranty and Support

• Check Warranty: Look into the warranty and support offered by the manufacturer.

Remember, the "best" camera depends on your specific needs and preferences. Take your time, do thorough research, and choose a camera that aligns with your goals and budget." (Source: ChatGPT 2023)

DSLR vs. Mirrorless Camera

"The choice between a DSLR (Digital Single-Lens Reflex) camera and a mirrorless camera depends on your specific needs, preferences, and the type of photography or videography you're interested in. Here are some key differences between DSLR and mirrorless cameras:

1. Mirror Mechanism

• DSLR: Utilizes a mirror mechanism. Light passes through the lens, reflects off a mirror, and then reaches an optical viewfinder, allowing you to see exactly what the lens sees.
• Mirrorless: Does not have a mirror mechanism. Light passes directly to the image sensor, and the preview is displayed on an electronic viewfinder (EVF) or the camera's LCD screen.

2. Size and Weight

• DSLR: Generally larger and heavier due to the mirror and prism system.
• Mirrorless: More compact and lightweight since they lack the mirror and optical viewfinder.

3. Autofocus

• DSLR: Traditionally relied on phase-detection autofocus through the optical viewfinder. Live view and video modes often use slower contrast-detection autofocus.
• Mirrorless: Uses contrast-detection or phase-detection pixels directly on the image sensor. Many modern mirrorless cameras offer fast and accurate autofocus, sometimes even outperforming DSLRs.

4. Viewfinder

• DSLR: Optical viewfinder provides a direct optical view through the lens. Some DSLRs also have Live View mode using the LCD screen.
• Mirrorless: Uses either an electronic viewfinder (EVF) or the LCD screen to display a digital preview. EVFs have improved over time, offering real-time exposure adjustments and other useful information.

5. Battery Life

• DSLR: Typically has longer battery life since power is not continuously required for an electronic viewfinder.
• Mirrorless: May have shorter battery life due to the constant use of electronic components.

6. Lens Compatibility

• DSLR: Often has a longer history of lens development and a wider selection of native lenses. However, older lenses may not be fully compatible with newer bodies.
• Mirrorless: May have a shorter history but is catching up quickly. Some mirrorless cameras can use DSLR lenses with adapters, but native mirrorless lenses are becoming more prevalent.

7. Continuous Shooting Speed

• DSLR Can have high burst rates but may experience blackout between shots due to the mirror mechanism.
• Mirrorless: Generally offers faster and more silent continuous shooting with no blackout, making them ideal for capturing fast action.

8. Video Capabilities

• DSLR: Capable of recording video, but autofocus in video mode may be slower or less advanced compared to mirrorless cameras.
• Mirrorless: Often designed with video in mind, offering advanced autofocus during video recording and, in some cases, superior video features.

9. Durability and Weather Sealing

• DSLR: Traditionally known for robust build quality and better resistance to environmental conditions.
• Mirrorless: Increasingly designed with weather sealing and durability, but this can vary by model.

10. Cost

• DSLR Can be more budget-friendly, especially for entry-level models.
• Mirrorless: Prices vary, but high-end mirrorless cameras can be comparable to or more expensive than DSLRs.

In recent years, mirrorless cameras have gained popularity and technological advancements, narrowing the gap with DSLRs. The choice ultimately depends on your priorities, whether it's size, specific features, lens compatibility, or budget constraints. Both types can deliver excellent results, so it's worth considering your individual needs and preferences before making a decision." (Source ChatGPT 2023)

Images Source: Pixabay (Open Source)

Criteria for Capturing a Good Photograph

Awareness of the Criteria and Elements in the Making of Great Photographs 

“You don't make a photograph just with a camera. You bring to the act of photography all the pictures you have seen, the books you have read, the music you have heard, the people you have loved.” ― Ansel Adams

A personal 'visit' to ChatGPT provided objective and universal lists for assisting the developing / competitive photographer with the awareness of various criteria for creating ideal images for self, others and photography judges (when entering photo competitions irrespective of genre). 

Capturing a Good Photograph
"Capturing a good photograph involves a combination of technical skills, artistic creativity, and attention to detail. Here are some key criteria to consider when aiming for a great photograph:

Composition:

• Rule of Thirds: Divide your frame into a 3x3 grid and place your subject or key elements along the gridlines or at their intersections.
• Leading Lines: Use lines within the scene to lead the viewer's eye to the subject.
• Framing: Use natural elements or objects in the foreground to frame the subject and draw attention to it.
• Symmetry and Patterns: Seek out symmetry or interesting patterns in your composition.

Lighting:

• Quality of Light: Pay attention to the direction and quality of light. Soft, diffused light is often preferable for portraits, while dramatic light can work well for landscapes.
• Golden Hour: Shoot during the golden hours of early morning or late afternoon for warm, soft lighting.Avoid harsh shadows and overexposure by adjusting your exposure settings.

Focus and Sharpness:

• Ensure your subject is in sharp focus.
• Use the appropriate autofocus mode or manual focus.
• Use a tripod or stabilize your camera to prevent camera shake and maintain sharpness, especially in low-light situations.

Exposure:

• Balance exposure settings (aperture, shutter speed, ISO) to achieve the desired level of brightness and depth of field.
• Understand the exposure triangle and how different settings affect your image.

Color and White Balance:

• Pay attention to color temperature and white balance settings to ensure accurate and pleasing colors.
• Consider the emotional impact of color in your composition.

Perspective and Angle:

• Experiment with different angles and perspectives to create unique and engaging compositions.
• Try shooting from high or low angles, or using unconventional viewpoints.

Storytelling and Emotion:

• Think about the story or emotion you want to convey through your photograph.
• Capture genuine expressions and moments to evoke emotions in viewers.

Subject:

• Choose a compelling subject that is interesting, relatable, or visually striking.
• Consider the background and foreground to ensure they complement the subject.

Post-Processing:

• Use photo editing software (e.g., Adobe Lightroom, Photoshop) to enhance and refine your images.
• Avoid over-processing; aim for a natural look unless a specific artistic effect is desired.

Timing and Patience:

• Be patient and ready to capture the right moment, especially in genres like wildlife or street photography.
• Anticipate action or changes in lighting.

Technical Details:

• Pay attention to technical aspects like image resolution, file format, and image stabilization.
• Ensure your equipment (camera, lenses, accessories) is in good working condition.

Personal Style:

• Develop your own unique style and artistic vision that sets your work apart from others.
• Experiment and be open to creative risks.

Remember that these criteria can vary depending on the type of photography you are pursuing (e.g., portrait, landscape, macro, street). Ultimately, capturing a good photograph is about creating an image that resonates with you and your audience while effectively conveying the intended message or emotion. Practice, patience, and a critical eye are essential for improving your photography skills over time." (Source: ChatGPT 2023)

What Photography Judges Evaluate in Photo Competitions / Contests

"Photography judges in photo competitions evaluate various aspects of an image to determine its quality and whether it deserves recognition. While the specific criteria can vary depending on the competition and its rules, here are some common factors that judges typically consider when evaluating photographs:

1. Composition: Judges assess how well the elements within the frame are arranged. They look for balance, use of the rule of thirds, leading lines, framing, and overall visual organization.

2. Creativity and Originality: Judges appreciate unique and innovative approaches to subjects or scenes. They are drawn to photographs that stand out through creative composition, perspectives, or storytelling.

3. Technical Skill: A photograph's technical aspects are critical. Judges evaluate sharpness, exposure, color balance, and overall technical proficiency. They consider whether the photographer effectively used camera settings (e.g., aperture, shutter speed, ISO) to achieve the desired result.

4. Subject Matter: Judges consider the choice of subject and its relevance to the theme or category of the competition. A compelling and interesting subject can significantly impact the judging process.

5. Emotion and Impact: Successful photographs often evoke emotions or leave a lasting impression. Judges assess how well the image captures and conveys emotions, stories, moods, or a sense of place.

6. Storytelling: In some competitions, storytelling is a key criterion. Judges evaluate whether the image tells a compelling and coherent story or captures a decisive moment.

7. Technical Details: Attention to detail is important. Judges look for well-executed post-processing, clean editing, and a lack of distracting or unintended elements.

8. Creativity in Editing: If post-processing is allowed, judges may consider how creatively and effectively the photographer used editing techniques to enhance the image without overdoing it.

9. Adherence to Rules: Judges ensure that entries adhere to the rules and guidelines of the competition, including any restrictions on editing or manipulation.

10. Overall Impact: Judges evaluate the overall impact of the image as a whole. They consider how all the elements work together to create a visually compelling and memorable photograph.

11. Technical Challenges: In some competitions, judges may recognize and reward photographs that successfully overcome technical challenges or demonstrate exceptional technical skill.

12. Consistency (in a series): In competitions involving a series of images, judges may evaluate how well the images work together as a cohesive body of work.

13. Relevance to Theme or Category: If the competition has a specific theme or category, judges assess how well the entry aligns with that theme or category.

Keep in mind that judging criteria can vary from one competition to another, and judges' preferences may differ. Photographers entering competitions should carefully read the rules and guidelines provided by the competition organizers and consider these criteria when preparing their entries. Additionally, judging often involves some degree of subjectivity, as judges bring their own perspectives and experiences to the evaluation process." (Source: ChatGPT 2023)

Images Source: Pixabay (Open Source)

The Theory of Photography

What is Camera / Lens EXIF Data?

Canon Camera / Lens EXIF Data

From Canon's EOS Utility Software : Canon EXIF Data

EXIF = Exchangeable Image File Format Information (EXIF Data)

EXIF Data is the identification and listing of information metadata (exposure and other relevant settings) and its values -available for DSLR / Compact / Mirrorless Smartphone cameras before and / or after taking a photo. 

Generally found on your LCD screen viewing image detail or when downloaded in Canon's Digital Photo Professional / Adobe Lightroom (and other camera / editing software).

Basic camera and lens detail such as Camera Make / Model, Lens Type, Exposure, White Balance, File format and various other settings are included in the EXIF Data.

Before / after the shot
The image on the right is a Windows 7 screenshot from a Canon EOS 700D DSLR attached to the EOS Utility (via USB) - before a shot. The Canon camera was set to Av mode with a pre-set f/stop value of F4.5, ISO 200, AF (Auto-Focus), RAW, and Single Shot. The absence of the shutter speed is indicative that when in Av mode, the camera will select the shutter speed during the actual exposure - and will only be available as EXIF Data after the shot.

The bottom image is the EXIF data displayed after the shot settings (extracted from the Canon Digital Photo Professional post-processing software). Notice that the Shutter Speed is now included = (1/45) - The lens information - Canon EF-S 18-135mm IS STM is now also displayed (together with other useful information).

Adobe Lightroom Free Plugin to view Body / Lens EXIF Data
Adobe Lightroom Free Plugin to view Body / Lens EXIF Data

Exposure / EXIF Data
Exposure EXIF information is the result of the Exposure / Lens settings set by the photographer ie. in Manual / Aperture Priority / Shutter Priority / Program Mode the photographer controls exposure settings such as Aperture / ISO / Shutter Speed.

What about EXIF Data in Auto Mode? Although the camera carries out all exposure decisions (except for lens focal length / zoom), all EXIF data will still be recorded and be available after the shot.

Basic camera and exposure info:- Camera / lens type ie. Photo taken with the Canon PowerShot SX60 HS at a focal length of 200mm.

• Aperture - measuring the size of incoming light areas (f/stop) ie. f/5.6
• ISO - light or image sensor sensitivity standard) ie ISO 100
• Shutter speed - (measured in seconds) ie. 3 seconds or 1/1000's

What Is the Purpose of EXIF Data?
EXIF Data assists the photographer with specific exposure (ISO / Aperture / Shutter Speed) and other relevant information at the time of capturing an image. Viewing / comparing EXIF Data is valuable criteria / settings for 'image settings awareness' for learning and or improving similar captures.

Example of EXIF Data: Canon PowerShot SX60 HS

• Focal Length (FL) 200mm
• f/5.6 (Aperture)
• ISO 200 (ISO)
• 1/250s (Shutter speed)

What is Camera / Lens EXIF Data?

"EXIF (Exchangeable Image File Format) data is a standard for storing metadata in image files captured by digital cameras, scanners, or other imaging devices. It contains a variety of information about the circumstances in which the image was taken, the camera settings, and other technical details related to the image.

Camera and lens EXIF data can include a wide range of information, such as:

1. Camera Make and Model: This identifies the manufacturer and the specific model of the camera used to capture the image.

2. Lens Information: Details about the lens attached to the camera, including the lens make and model, focal length, aperture, and in some cases, even the lens serial number.

3. Exposure Settings: Information about the camera settings at the time the image was taken, such as shutter speed, aperture, ISO sensitivity, exposure compensation, and metering mode.

4. Date and Time: The date and time the image was captured.

5. Geolocation: If the device has GPS capabilities, the EXIF data may contain geographical coordinates, providing the exact location where the image was taken.

6. Camera Settings: Various settings used at the time of image capture, including shooting mode, white balance, focus distance, and more.

7. Image Parameters: Data about the image format, resolution, color space, and other technical aspects of the image file.

This metadata can be viewed using various software or tools that can read and display EXIF information. It's particularly useful for photographers to understand the settings used to capture an image, aiding in analyzing and improving their photography techniques. However, it's also important to note that this data can contain sensitive information, such as geolocation, which might raise privacy concerns when sharing images online. Therefore, it's often recommended to scrub or remove this data when sharing images on the internet." (Source: ChatGPT 2023)

EXIF Data as displayed in the Canon's Digital Photo Professional Post-Processing Software:

Canon EOS 7D Mark II RAW EXIF DATA (After the Exposure / Capture)

EXF DATA : Canon Digital Photo Professional Post-Processing Software 

More on The Exposure Triangle (Aperture / ISO / Shutter Speed) - Exposure Triangle

Latest Canon Digital Photo Professional 4.17.20 For Windows / Mac - Download

The Theory of Photography